A3Material

A3.1 Structural Steel Materials

Material test reports or reports of tests made by the fabricator or a testing laboratory shall constitute sufficient evidence of conformity with one of the standard designations listed in Table A3.1, subject to the grades and limitations listed. For hot-rolled structural shapes, plates, and bars, such tests shall be made in accordance with ASTM A6/A6M; for sheets, such tests shall be made in accordance with ASTM A568/A568M; and for tubing and pipe, such tests shall be made in accordance with the requirements of the applicable ASTM standards listed in Section A2 for those product forms.

A3.1a Listed Materials

Structural steel material conforming to one of the standard designations shown in Table A3.1 subject to the grades and limitations listed are considered to perform as anticipated in the other provisions of this Specification and are approved for use under this Specification.

User Note: Plates, sheets, strips, and bars are different products; however, design rules do not make a differentiation between these products. The most common differences among these products are their physical dimensions of width and thickness.

A3.1b Other Materials

Materials other than those listed in Table A3.1 are permitted for specific applications when the suitability of the material is determined to be acceptable by the engineer of record (EOR).

A3.1c Unidentified Steel

Unidentified steel, free of injurious defects, is permitted to be used only for members or details whose failure will not reduce the strength of the structure, either locally or overall. Such use shall be subject to the approval of the EOR.

User Note: Unidentified steel may be used for details where the precise mechanical properties and weldability are not of concern. These are commonly curb plates, shims, and other similar pieces.

A3.1d Rolled Heavy Shapes

ASTM A6/A6M hot-rolled shapes with a flange thickness exceeding 2 in. (50 mm) are considered to be rolled heavy shapes. Rolled heavy shapes used as members subjected to primary (computed) tensile forces due to tension or flexure and spliced or connected using complete-joint-penetration groove welds that fuse through the thickness of the flange or the flange and the web shall be specified as follows. The structural design documents shall require that such shapes be supplied with Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact test results in accordance with ASTM A6/A6M, Supplementary Requirement S30, Charpy V-Notch Impact Test for Structural Shapes—Alternate Core Location. The impact test shall meet a minimum average value of 20 ft-lbf (27 J) absorbed energy at a maximum temperature of +70°F (+21°C).

The requirements in this section do not apply if the splices and connections are made by bolting. Where a rolled heavy shape is welded to the surface of another shape using groove welds, the requirements apply only to the shape that has weld metal fused through the cross section.

User Note: Additional requirements for rolled heavy-shape welded joints are given in Sections J1.5, J1.6, J2.6, and M2.2.

A3.1e Built-Up Heavy Shapes

Built-up cross sections consisting of plates with a thickness exceeding 2 in. (50 mm) are considered built-up heavy shapes. Built-up heavy shapes used as members subjected to primary (computed) tensile forces due to tension or flexure and spliced or connected to other members using complete-joint-penetration groove welds that fuse through the thickness of the plates, shall be specified as follows. The structural design documents shall require that the steel be supplied with Charpy V-notch impact test results in accordance with ASTM A6/A6M, Supplementary Requirement S5, Charpy V-Notch Impact Test. The impact test shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM A673/A673M, Frequency P, and shall meet a minimum average value of 20 ft-lbf (27 J) absorbed energy at a maximum temperature of +70°F (+21°C).

When a built-up heavy shape is welded to the face of another member using groove welds, these requirements apply only to the shape that has weld metal fused through the cross section.

User Note: Additional requirements for built-up heavy-shape welded joints are given in Sections J1.5, J1.6, J2.6, and M2.2.

A3.2 Steel Castings and Forgings

Steel castings and forgings shall conform to an ASTM standard intended for structural applications and shall provide strength, ductility, weldability, and toughness adequate for the purpose. Test reports produced in accordance with the ASTM reference standards shall constitute sufficient evidence of conformity with such standards.

A3.3 Bolts, Washers, and Nuts

Bolt, washer, and nut material conforming to one of the following ASTM standards is approved for use under this Specification:

User Note: ASTM F3125/F3125M is an umbrella standard that incorporates Grades A325, A325M, A490, A490M, F1852, and F2280, which were previously separate standards.

• (a) Bolts ASTM A307 ASTM A354 ASTM A449 ASTM F3043 ASTM F3111 ASTM F3125/F3125M ASTM F3148
• (b) Nuts ASTM A194/A194M ASTM A563/A563M
• (c) Washers ASTM F436/F436M ASTM F844
• (d) Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators ASTM F959/F959M

Manufacturer's certification shall constitute sufficient evidence of conformity with the standards.

A3.4 Anchor Rods and Threaded Rods

Anchor rod and threaded rod material conforming to one of the following ASTM standards is approved for use under this Specification:

User Note: ASTM F1554 is the preferred material specification for anchor rods.

ASTM A449 material is permitted for high-strength anchor rods and threaded rods of any diameter.

Threads on anchor rods and threaded rods shall conform to Class 2A, Unified Coarse Thread Series of ASME B1.1, except for anchor rods over 1 in. (25 mm) diameter which are permitted to conform to Class 2A, 8UN Thread Series.

Manufacturer's certification shall constitute sufficient evidence of conformity with the standards.

A3.5 Consumables for Welding

Filler metals and fluxes shall conform to one of the following specifications of the American Welding Society:

AWS A5.1/A5.1M AWS A5.5/A5.5M AWS A5.17/A5.17M AWS A5.18/A5.18M AWS A5.20/A5.20M AWS A5.23/A5.23M AWS A5.25/A5.25M AWS A5.26/A5.26M AWS A5.28/A5.28M AWS A5.29/A5.29M AWS A5.32M/A5.32

Manufacturer's certification shall constitute sufficient evidence of conformity with the standards.

A3.6 Headed Stud Anchors

Steel headed stud anchors shall conform to the requirements of the Structural Welding Code—Steel (AWS D1.1/D1.1M).

Manufacturer's certification shall constitute sufficient evidence of conformity with AWS D1.1/D1.1M.